Prime Minister Mark Carney's introduction of Bill C-2 marks a significant legislative effort aimed at overhauling various federal laws. The bill, spanning 140 pages, proposes amendments to drug and immigration laws, as well as regulations concerning mail, ocean activities, and chemicals used in street drugs. The intent appears to be systemic change, but its actual impact remains uncertain.

If passed, Bill C-2 would declare any asylum claimant who files after being in Canada for a year as inadmissible. This provision would apply to individuals who entered Canada after June 24, 2020. The bill aims to address the increasing number of asylum claims, particularly from international students, which surged to over 20,000 last year—six times the claims made in 2019. Many of these claims could be invalidated if the bill is enacted.

Additionally, the legislation would empower the cabinet to halt residency applications for certain foreign nationals and specific classes of applications. It also proposes enhanced information-sharing capabilities for immigration authorities, allowing them to disclose personal information to other government departments if regulations permit. Canada Post would gain the authority to open letters under certain suspicious circumstances, a move aimed at combating drug trafficking.

The bill also seeks to expand the sex offender registry's capabilities, enabling it to track more information about offenders and share it with additional government bodies. Border agents would be granted more authority to disclose information about sex offenders to other agencies.

Public sentiment appears to favor these new government powers. A poll conducted by Angus Reid last fall indicated that a majority of Canadians believe there are too many temporary foreign workers in the country. This suggests that a more restrictive immigration policy could be well-received.

Historically, Canada's immigration landscape has shifted significantly. In 2014, the largest group of new permanent residents came from China, followed by India and the Philippines. However, by 2022, India accounted for 27 percent of new permanent residents and 45 percent of international students. This concentration raises concerns about cultural enclaves and organized crime, complicating law enforcement efforts due to language barriers.

While some advocate for a cap on immigration from specific countries, such as limiting it to 10 to 15 percent, others express skepticism about the bill's effectiveness. Critics worry that provisions allowing cabinet discretion may lead to inaction, leaving the immigration system largely unchanged.

The bill also introduces a new framework for obtaining information from internet service providers, which has raised privacy concerns. Furthermore, its provisions related to border security at sea may primarily serve to bolster the coast guard's budget in alignment with NATO obligations.

Carney's approach mirrors that of British Prime Minister Keir Starmer, who has faced similar immigration challenges. In Canada, the left acknowledges the need for immigration limits, and the government is adopting a tougher stance to address public concerns. However, if Bill C-2 fails to deliver substantial changes, it may be viewed as merely cosmetic, leaving Canada to grapple with ongoing immigration challenges.