TOPLINE:

In people with nonspecific chronic low back pain, nonsurgical interventions like cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness possibly showed small-to-moderate long-term benefits in reducing pain intensity and disability. However, the evidence was mostly of low-to-moderate certainty.

METHODOLOGY:

Researchers conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 75 randomized or cluster randomized controlled trials involving 15,395 participants aged 16 years or older (mean age, 45.7 years; median percentage of women, 61%) with chronic low back pain lasting at least 12 weeks.

They assessed the effectiveness of nonsurgical interventions for chronic low back pain (including 91% trials on nonspecific chronic low back pain) with a focus on long-term (1-2 years) and very long-term (≥ 2

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