President Trump recently announced that he had directed the Department of Commerce to conduct an unprecedented, mid-decade census of the U.S. population. Like his order for the 2020 Census that was rejected by a federal court, Trump has ordered this new census to exclude undocumented immigrants from the population count.

This order is the latest move to reshape power in the House of Representatives ahead of next year's midterm elections, alongside ongoing national turmoil in legislative redistricting.

As academic experts in elections, redistricting and the U.S. Census, we offer three conclusions on this order here.

First, President Trump's demand for a new Census that excludes undocumented immigrants is not just immoral and regressive, but unquestionably unconstitutional in at least two

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