The New York Police Department is one of the most heavily equipped police forces on the planet. With over 48,000 full-time staff and a budget nearing $6 billion, the NYPD's access to immense resources put it closer to the military force of entire countries like the Philippines and Iraq than a municipal agency.

With that kind of coin to play around with, it's probably no surprise that the NYPD would throw a little toward tech. Between 2007 and 2020, the department has spent over $2.8 billion amassing a virtual toy chest of surveillance tech, including stingray phone trackers, crime prediction software, and even X-ray vans.

Among the NYPD’s most contentious technologies is a facial recognition suite it's been building since 2011 — a system that recently led to the arrest of a man who was a

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