Picture this: Trillions of microscopic organisms inhabiting your body at this very moment! Treat them not as intruders but companions that influence how we digest our breakfast and think and feel each day. This community of bacteria, fungi and other microbes, collectively called the gut microbiota, was once regarded as peripheral to human health. For much of modern medical history, their role was thought to be limited to digestion. Yet in the past decade scientists have realised these little organisms have a direct line of communication with our brain.

Research now shows that they are in constant communication with the brain, shaping not only how we process food but also how we think, feel and age. This communication, also called the gut-brain axis, relies on nerve signals travelling thro

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