Men and women with severe asthma (SA) have innate differences in immune cells along their airways that could impact on treatment with biologics, a study has shown.

The findings, Science Translational Medicine , highlight the impact of not taking sex into account in studies, the researchers say.

Deep phenotyping revealed sex differences in precursors to different types of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) at mucosal surfaces, such as the mouth and airways.

“This study emphasizes the need to recognize the phenotypic heterogeneity of ILCs in a clinical setting and highlights that examination of clinical cohorts at a population level, without considering sex-dependent differences, has the potential to mask profound immunological differences,” reported Kyle Mincham, PhD, from Imperial College

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