Scientists have found blood protein signals that may flag multiple sclerosis up to seven years before symptoms begin.

Spotting early warning signs means more opportunities to treat or prevent multiple sclerosis (MS) – and more insight into how it develops.

The chronic, incurable autoimmune disease – where the immune system attacks the brain and spinal cord – can cause a range of debilitating health issues – including problems with memory, mobility, vision, mood, and pain.

By the time symptoms appear, the disease can already be well established.

In a study led by researchers from the University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), evidence of brain damage was detected years before symptom onset – potentially a crucial window for earlier treatment and support.

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