Ahead of the United Nations ’ global summit on the climate emergency in Belém, Brazil , a report on countries’ climate plans released Tuesday served as both “a progress update and a warning siren,” one campaigner said.

According to the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) Synthesis Report , governments have submitted plans to the UN that would reduce fossil fuel emissions by just 10% by 2035 compared to 2019 levels, a fraction of what is needed to keep the planet from warming more than 1.5°C above preindustrial temperatures.

The report includes climate action plans from fewer than a third of the nations that signed the Paris Agreement , the legally binding treaty demanding countries take action to limit planetary heating to 1.5°C, a decade ago.

China and the European

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