To use artificial intelligence, or not to use AI? That is the question that all students and their educators face in today’s age. While people have been endlessly arguing the pros and cons of incorporating tools like ChatGPT in the classroom, researchers have put it to the test with actual economics students, and the results are surprising.

University of Massachusetts Amherst educators compared the impact of using AI versus not using AI in two back-to-back sections of an advanced antitrust economics course with the same lectures, assignments, and paper-and-pencil exams (without notes or technology). At the end of the semester, the experiment revealed that the structured use of generative AI increased student engagement and confidence, but not test results.

“The core result is simple: per

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