Most of us have been in a public toilet that makes us think twice about using it.
Even when the space looks clean, you may still wonder if there's a risk sitting bare bum where many others have.
Public toilets are a "microbial soup", according to Lotti Tajouri, an associate professor in molecular biology and genomics at Bond University and Murdoch University.
But perhaps surprisingly, the toilet seat isn't the dirtiest part.
And while using public bathrooms is generally low risk for healthy people, there are things you should be doing to protect yourself — including not taking out your mobile phone and never hovering over the seat.
Why is the soap scum in my bathroom pink?
Have you ever noticed a pink or orange-coloured substance in the tile grout or around taps in your bathroom? In

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