The African penguin ( Spheniscus demersus ) is critically endangered due to environmental changes and human activity, both of which have contributed to food shortages. Now, new research has found that plummeting fish stocks are putting these penguins in direct competition with fishing vessels. The rest of this article is behind a paywall. Please sign in or subscribe to access the full content.

The penguins are significantly more likely to be foraging in the same areas where fishing boats are operational in years when fish numbers are lower. The research provides a new way to quantify how African penguins are being affected by this competition called “overlap intensity”, and provides further support for no-fishing zones in the region.

African penguins feed on small schooling fish su

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