Stakeholders at PJM Interconnection , the nation’s largest grid operator, on Wednesday rejected all 12 final proposals for regulating the rapidly growing data center industry, leaving the Maryland region without a clear path forward as electricity demand and customer bills continue to rise.

The vote ends weeks of lobbying from utilities, tech companies, lawmakers and environmental activists. Following the vote, PJM President and CEO Manu Asthana stated that, although no proposal was selected due to an insufficient amount of “Yes” votes, the process provided “a lot of information” that the grid operator will review before deciding on next steps.

“We’re going to study [the votes] closely … and try to think about all of the great input that we have received today,” he said, adding that

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