A five-judge Bench of the Supreme Court, with none of the judges claiming sole authorship but fashioning it as the ‘Opinion of the Court’, opined that the apex court cannot fix timelines for Governors and the President to deal with State Bills under Articles 200 and 201.

However, the Bench clarified that Governors could also not use their discretion to resort to “prolonged and evasive constitutional inaction” in a deliberate bid to thwart the people’s will expressed through proposed laws passed by State legislatures.

Presidential Reference hearing updates - November 20, 2025

Here is how a Bench headed by Chief Justice B.R. Gavai, also comprising Justices Surya Kant, Vikram Nath, P.S. Narasimha and A.S. Chandurkar, responded, in its 111-page opinion, to the 14 questions from President

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