Bringing a new drug to market usually requires a decade-long, multibillion-dollar journey, with a high failure rate in the clinical trial phase. Nvidia’s Kimberly Powell is at the center of a major industry effort to apply AI to the challenge.

“If you look at the history of drug discovery, we’ve been kind of circling around the same targets for a long time, and we’ve largely exhausted the drugs for those targets,” she says. A “target” is a biological molecule, often a protein, that’s causing a disease. But human biology is extraordinarily complex, and many diseases are likely caused by multiple targets. “That’s why cancer is so hard,” says Powell. “Because it’s many things going wrong in concert that actually cause cancer and cause different people to respond to cancer differently.” Nvidi

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