Sudan’s economy has contracted sharply since the civil war broke out between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) on April 15, 2023. Its GDP, which had already been weakening, saw its steepest contraction in 2023-24, shrinking by 29%.

The civil war stems from a power struggle between the SAF, led by General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, and the RSF, commanded by Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo or ‘Hemedti’. Tensions between the two forces (who had earlier cooperated in the removal of former President Omar al-Bashir in 2019 and later jointly carried out the 2021 coup) escalated over plans to integrate the RSF into the national army. Reports said both generals wanted to cling to power, unwilling to give up wealth and influence. The dispute became a nationwide conflict, splitti

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