1850: The University of Sydney was founded on October 1, 1850, began enrollment in 1852, and awarded the first batch of degrees in 1856. In 1881, the University of Sydney became one of the first universities in the world to admit women. The University of Sydney is Australia's oldest university. It is located in the heart of Sydney and has since expanded, establishing multiple campuses around Sydney and establishing a Tree Island research station on the Great Barrier Reef.


1880: The Melbourne International Exhibition opened at the Royal Exhibition Building, Carlton, and took place from 1 October 1880 to 30 April 1881. This was the second international expo to be held in Australia, the first being held in Sydney the previous year. 1.459 million people visited the fair, making a profit of £1,570. On 1 July 2004, the Royal Exhibition Building became Australia's first building to be designated a World Heritage Site.


2005: The 2005 Bali bombings occurred at two locations, Jimbaran Beach Resort and Kuta, 30 kilometers away, both in southern Bali. The incident resulted in 23 deaths and 129 injuries. Four of the dead and 19 injured were Australians. About 7,500 Australians traveled to Bali during the school holidays in some Australian states.


2009: Australian census data showed that at 1:58 pm on October 1, Australia's population exceeded 22 million. The country's national birth rate has risen from 1.7 to 1.9 in the past four years. Immigration also contributed 63% to the previous year's 2.1% population growth. Marking Australia's population reaching a new milestone of over 22 million.


2023: Sydney's record-breaking high temperature hit 35.6 degrees Celsius on October 1, smashing the previous record. Temperatures in Penrith peaked at 37.3C, making it the city's hottest day in early October. Sydney experienced its hottest early October weather on record as fire danger warnings were issued in New South Wales and two bushfires in eastern Victoria threatened campers and towns.