Key points

Jealousy’s expression varies widely across cultures.

Moderate jealousy can strengthen trust and bonds.

Unchecked jealousy erodes well-being and connection.

Jealousy is older than cities, older than writing, maybe even older than the myths that warn us about it. Think of the story of Cain and Abel, where jealousy set in motion the first fratricide, or the countless love triangles in Shakespeare’s plays. It is clear that jealousy has always been a part of the human experience.

From an evolutionary point of view, jealousy was a survival strategy. Picture life on the African savannah 200,000 years ago. Food, shelter, and mates were your lifeline. If someone threatened to take them from you, your survival and the future of your genes were at stake. Being quick to notice those

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