While President Donald Trump is creating new options for the world’s wealthy to move to the US, Europe has been heading in the opposite direction.

The continent is pulling back on its so-called golden visa programs after they failed to deliver the hoped-for benefits and in some cases backfired. That’s especially true for Portugal, where one of Europe’s most popular programs led to foreigners bidding up homes at the expense of locals.

In most but not all cases, the threshold for residency in Europe was much lower than the $1 million price tag on the Trump Gold Card — part of a broader upheaval of US immigration policy, which includes charging companies a $100,000 to hire college-educated workers from abroad.

Here’s an overview of Europe’s golden visa programs:

Portugal

The country

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