What followed was both familiar and new. Familiar, as students again poured into the streets, claiming civic space that previous generations had carved out with blood and jail time. New, as their organising grammar was digital: discord servers, encrypted chats and Instagram Lives replaced mimeographed flyers

I first covered Nepal’s struggle for democracy in the 1980s. I remember the bans and jailings, the absolute poverty that pushed families to the edge, and the exploitation that greased trafficking routes across borders. I saw courage at close range: students, workers, farmers and journalists defying a palace and a party-state that tried to control not only what people said but what they imagined possible. That memory shapes how I read Nepal’s latest uprising: led by a new generation, i

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