With headlines dominated by Donald Trump’s sharp changes to America’s visa policies, terms like H-1B, L-1 or O visa can feel overwhelming. From stricter fees to wage-based selection processes, the United States is reshaping how foreign nationals enter and work in the country as part of its “Make America Great Again” drive. For many Indians hoping to study, work or settle there, knowing what each visa means has never been more important.

What a US visa actually is

A visa is essentially an official permission to travel to a US border or airport. Citizens of almost all foreign countries, including India, must obtain one before they arrive. The category depends on why you are travelling: to work, to study, for tourism or to live permanently.

Broadly, the United States divides its visas into

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