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The Vatican’s top diplomat on Monday condemned both Hamas’ "inhuman and indefensible" Oct. 7 attacks and Israel’s "ongoing massacre" in Gaza, warning that even legitimate self-defense cannot justify the destruction of a "largely defenseless population."

Cardinal Pietro Parolin, the Vatican’s secretary of state and one of Pope Leo XIV's advisers, spoke in an interview marking the second anniversary of Hamas’ Oct. 7 attack on Israel — a raid that killed about 1,200 people and saw 251 people taken hostage.

Parolin said Israel’s military response has stretched far beyond the bounds of proportionality, turning Gaza’s crowded neighborhoods into ruins.

"The war waged by the Israeli army to eliminate Hamas militants disregards

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