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I’ve been thinking of the old saying, “You have to look back in order to go forward.”

In 1949, when I was three years old, a State Department official was convicted of espionage for the Soviets and the Soviet Union tested a nuclear bomb ; the following year, the United States took up arms in the Korean War.

An overt fear of Communism enveloped the United States when in February 1950, Republican U.S. Sen. Joe McCarthy claimed to have a list of members of the Communist Party USA working in the State Department.

This was the beginning of McCarthyism, also known as the Red Scare, when throughout the 19

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