On 20 October 2025, a major internet outage knocked dozens of popular websites and apps offline, leaving users worldwide unable to log in, pay, or use familiar services for several hours. Amazon Web Services (AWS) — the cloud company that hosts whole stacks for many businesses reported the incident and engineers raced to restore normal operations.

In plain terms: many online services rely on central tools that store and fetch data. One of those tools, an Amazon database called DynamoDB, started returning errors and timing out in AWS’s largest data hub in northern Virginia (US-EAST-1). AWS engineers traced the problem to how systems were resolving the DynamoDB address (DNS). Due to the apps not being able to reach that database endpoint reliably, the failure cascaded: services that needed

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