A recent report from the New South Wales Productivity Commission has reignited discussions about Sydney's housing crisis and the preservation of its heritage buildings. The report reveals that approximately 25% of residential-zoned land within 10 kilometers of Sydney's central business district is under some form of heritage protection. This statistic has been seized upon by proponents of increased housing development, known as YIMBYs (Yes In My Backyard), who argue that local governments have excessively restricted land use in desirable areas, hindering the construction of new homes.

The report includes a map that visually represents the extent of heritage protections in Sydney, with large areas shaded in red. This imagery has drawn comparisons to a controversial moment in Australian political history. In 1997, then-Prime Minister John Howard used a similar map to argue against Native Title claims, suggesting that such claims could threaten suburban development. This historical context has led to skepticism about the motives behind maps used in political arguments today.

Upon closer examination of the Productivity Commission's map, it becomes clear that the red areas represent different types of heritage protections. For instance, the darker red areas indicate Heritage Conservation Areas (HCAs), which restrict property owners from making significant changes to their properties. These areas have been a focal point in the ongoing NIMBY (Not In My Backyard) versus YIMBY debate.

The report highlights that HCAs have proliferated since the 1970s, significantly limiting the availability of land for new housing in some of Sydney's most sought-after neighborhoods. Each HCA has its own unique history and significance. For example, Haberfield, a suburb established in 1901 as a planned garden suburb, is entirely designated as an HCA. This designation reflects its historical importance but also raises questions about its impact on housing supply and demographics.

According to the Productivity Commission, the restrictions imposed by HCAs can lead to negative outcomes. The report states, "Areas dominated by large, low-density, freestanding homes do not cater well for younger people moving out of home, or for older people looking to downsize while staying in their neighborhood." This situation can result in an aging population, as seen in Haberfield and Mosman, where the median age is significantly higher than the Greater Sydney average.

The debate surrounding heritage conservation and housing supply is complex. While some residents appreciate the preservation of historic neighborhoods, others argue that such protections contribute to rising property prices and limit housing options for younger families and new migrants. The Productivity Commission emphasizes the need for major cities like Sydney to evolve and adapt to changing demographics and housing needs.

As Sydney continues to grapple with these issues, the conversation about what to preserve and what to develop remains ongoing. The map from the Productivity Commission serves as a reminder of the intricate balance between heritage conservation and the pressing need for affordable housing in a rapidly growing city. Each HCA tells a story, reflecting the city's history while also posing challenges for its future.