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Blockchain technology is built in layers — each designed to boost security, speed and usability. From the base network to advanced application systems, every layer plays a key role in powering crypto ecosystems. Here’s a clear breakdown to help you understand how it all works. (Image: Canva)

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Layer 1: The Foundation of Blockchain | Layer 1 refers to the base blockchain network, such as Bitcoin, Ethereum, or Solana. It handles its own consensus and security, manages and finalises all on-chain transactions and acts as the primary source of truth for the ledger. This layer provides strong decentralisation and security, but it can face scalability issues, often resulting in slower transactions and higher fees when the network is busy.

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Layer 2: Boosting Speed and Sc

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