The longest shutdown in U.S. history is official on Wednesday, Nov. 5, as bipartisan efforts in the Senate to reopen the federal government continue to flounder in the now five-week-old budget impasse.

The Senate voted for a 14th time to advance a bill to end the stalemate on Tuesday, Nov. 4, with Democrats demanding an extension of expiring federal tax credits to help Americans pay for private health insurance under the Affordable Care Act. Republicans say the government must reopen before healthcare talks begin.

"I think there are people who realize this has gone on long enough, there's been enough pain inflicted on the American people, and it's time to end it," said Senate Majority Leader John Thune, who told reporters he remained optimistic about finding an "off ramp."

When did the current government shutdown begin?

The current shutdown began just after midnight on Oct. 1 after Congress failed to pass a new budget, marking the fourth shutdown during a Trump presidency.

How long have US government shutdowns lasted? See timeline

Over the last five decades, and as of Oct. 1, there have been 22 federal shutdowns. Here's when they happened and how long they lasted.

  • 1976: Under Gerald Ford. Lasted for 11 days.
  • 1977: Under Jimmy Carter. Lasted 12 days.
  • 1977: Under Carter. Lasted eight days.
  • 1977: Under Carter. Lasted eight days.
  • 1978: Under Carter. Lasted 17 days.
  • 1979: Under Carter. Lasted 11 days.
  • 1981: Under Ronald Reagan. Lasted two days.
  • 1982: Under Reagan. Lasted one day.
  • 1982: Under Reagan. Lasted three days.
  • 1983: Under Reagan. Lasted three days.
  • 1984: Under Reagan. Lasted two days.
  • 1984: Under Reagan. Lasted one day.
  • 1986: Under Reagan. Lasted one day.
  • 1987: Under Reagan. Lasted one day.
  • 1990: Under George H.W. Bush. Lasted four days.
  • 1995: Under Bill Clinton. Lasted five days.
  • 1996: Under Clinton. Lasted 21 days.
  • 2013: Under Barack Obama. Lasted 17 days.
  • 2018: Under Donald Trump. Lasted three days.
  • 2018: Under Trump. Lasted several hours.
  • 2019: Under Trump. Lasted 35 days and cost the economy about $3 billion, equal to 0.02% of GDP, according to the Congressional Budget Office.
  • 2025: Under Trump. Started on Oct. 1 and is ongoing at 36 days.

Contributors: USA TODAY's Francesca Chambers, Saman Shafiq, Terry Moseley, Zac Anderson, Joey Garrison and Bart Jansen; Reuters

Natalie Neysa Alund is a senior reporter for USA TODAY. Reach her at nalund@usatoday.com and follow her on X @nataliealund.

This article originally appeared on USA TODAY: The government shutdown is now the longest in US history on Day 36

Reporting by Natalie Neysa Alund, USA TODAY / USA TODAY

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