60 years on, the war’s timeless lessons — from courage in Phillora to diplomacy in Tashkent — continue to guide India’s modern security

By Brig Advitya Madan (retd)

This year, India marks the Diamond Jubilee — 60 years — of its victory in the 1965 Indo-Pak War. It’s more than a commemoration of a military triumph; we must take out time to reminisce about the gallant efforts of the soldiers of the Indian armed forces who thwarted the nefarious designs of Pakistan to grab Kashmir by treachery — a gambit Pakistan repeated in subsequent wars but met with back-to-back humiliating defeats.

It’s also a moment to recall the geopolitical and strategic contours that shaped that conflict — lessons that remain uncannily relevant in today’s shifting regional landscape. As the generation that fought

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