Amid growing global economic uncertainty, the implementation of India’s new labour codes presents a critical opportunity to strengthen domestic resilience and advance inclusive growth. As the world’s fourth-largest economy, India stands at a juncture where realising the vision of Atmanirbhar Bharat will depend not only on expanding manufacturing or technological capacity but also on building inclusive and resilient institutions. True self-reliance lies in creating an economy where every citizen, particularly women, can participate meaningfully in the growth story. India has made notable strides in this direction.

According to the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) 2023-24, the Worker Population Ratio (WPR) for women aged 15 and above has increased from 22.0 per cent in 2017-18 to 40.3 pe

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