In recent years, airlines have reported an increase in unruly and disruptive passenger behavior on board. This includes incidents such as violence against crew and fellow passengers, harassment, verbal abuse, smoking, and refusal to follow safety or public-health instructions. According to the International Air Transport Association (IATA), around 60 operators filed 53,538 incident reports in 2024 , equal to one event for every 395 flights. Non-compliance with crew instructions remained the most common issue, and reports of verbal and physical aggression also increased.

Such incidents sometimes lead to delays and diversions , which create operational disruption that can cost airlines thousands of dollars. This financial burden, combined with growing safety concerns, has pushed r

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