In the high-stakes game of security in the Indian Subcontinent, Pakistan’s 27th Constitutional Amendment effectively consolidates all military decision-making in the hands of the current Chief of Army Staff, General Asim Munir and simultaneously weakens the judiciary.

The country’s nuclear button will now be formally under the control of the army– effectively removing what little civilian oversight still remained. This can potentially be used to add credibility to nuclear sabre-rattling.

Nuclear sabre-rattling is a part of Pakistan strategic toolkit

For many decades now, Pakistan has used nuclear signalling to deter India by raising the spectre of nuclear use. It also uses signalling to internationalise conflicts, creating an imperative for foreign diplomatic intervention to de-esca

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