In a move aimed at strengthening the framework of governing workers’ rights, the Central Government has consolidated 29 labour laws into four comprehensive labour codes – the Code on Wages (2019), the Industrial Relations Code (2020), the Code on Social Security (2020), and the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code (2020). These codes, effective from November 11, 2025, seek to simplify, consolidate, and rationalize the provisions of four existing laws :

The Code of Wages, 2019

Under the Code on Wages, a statutory right to minimum wages is established for all employees across both organized and unorganized sectors. Employers, including companies, firms, or associations, shall pay wages to employees working for them. First-time, non-imprisonable offences can be compounde

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