Understanding edema: How fluid buildup causes swelling, symptoms, and prevention tips to reduce the risk

Edema is a medical condition characterised by the accumulation of excess fluid in the body’s tissues, leading to noticeable swelling. While it can affect anyone, it is especially common in older adults, pregnant women, and individuals with underlying health issues such as heart, kidney, or liver problems. Swelling often appears in the feet, ankles, and legs but can also affect the hands, face, and abdomen. Key symptoms include tight or shiny skin, difficulty walking, a feeling of fullness in the affected area, and sometimes shortness of breath. Identifying the underlying cause is essential, and diagnosis typically involves a physical examination and tests. Effective management includes lifestyle adjustments, medical treatment, and monitoring to reduce swelling and improve overall health.