Two controversial research studies assessing the risks and benefits of giving puberty blockers to young people with gender incongruence will go ahead. 1

The trials received all necessary regulatory and ethical approvals and will begin recruiting participants soon, with findings expected in four years. But some clinicians have argued that it is “unethical” to expose children to potentially damaging drugs without clear benefit.

The first study, the Pathways trial, will measure the impact of puberty blockers on the quality of life and emotional wellbeing of young people with gender incongruence, as well as their cognitive, physical, and social development.

Researchers aim to recruit 226 children over three years into one of two study arms. In the first group participants will get puberty

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