A federal appeals court largely upheld a California law on Tuesday making it illegal, absent parental permission, for social media companies to provide children with “addictive feeds” that the state fears could damage their mental health.

The 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals rejected most claims by the technology trade group NetChoice, which said California’s Protecting Our Kids from Social Media Addiction Act was overbroad and vague and violated the First Amendment.

Addictive feeds are algorithms that select personalized media for users based on those users’ online behavior.

NetChoice, whose 41 members include Google, Facebook and Instagram parent Meta Platforms, Netflix and Elon Musk’s X, said the law signed by Governor Gavin Newsom last September unconstitutionally limited members’

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