The successful trial of India’s first hydrogen-powered coach at the Integral Coach Factory (ICF) in July 2025 is more than a technological breakthrough. It is a testament to Indian Railways’ accelerating green transition.

As one of the largest rail networks in the world, the Indian Railways is undertaking a transformation with few global parallels, with the aim of achieving net-zero carbon emissions by 2030, four decades ahead of the national target.

This ambitious shift is not just limited to clean energy adoption but also extends to a fundamental rethinking of infrastructure, operations and financing models, placing the Indian Railways at the forefront of India’s sustainable development agenda.

With over 24 million passengers and three million tonnes of freight moved daily, the decarb

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