Brussels: The European Commission has imposed a combined fine of €157 million on three of the world’s leading luxury fashion brands Gucci, Chloé, and Loewe after finding them guilty of engaging in unfair pricing practices that distorted market competition across the European Union.

According to the Commission’s findings, the brands imposed strict resale pricing restrictions on their retail partners, effectively curbing retailers’ ability to offer discounts or set competitive prices. The investigation revealed that the companies not only dictated maximum discount levels but also controlled the timing of promotional campaigns, leaving independent retailers with little room for commercial freedom.

European Competition Commissioner Margrethe Vestager stated that the luxury sector must “pla

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