At least three foreign nations are "willing and capable" of trying to assassinate a perceived dissident on domestic soil, Australia's spy chief has warned.

In a speech warning of the looming risks of artificial intelligence and calling out "state-sanctioned trolls" from Russia and other countries trying to stir up division, Australian Security Intelligence Organisation (ASIO) director-general Mike Burgess said the country faced an unprecedented number of security challenges.

"Australia has never faced so many different threats, at scale, at once," he said, delivering the 2025 Lowy lecture on Tuesday night.

Burgess warned Australia's much-valued community cohesion was "under siege, under threat, under attack".

"Our social fabric is fraying – fraying in ways we have nev

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