ELMIRA, N.Y. (WETM)- Global weather is greatly influenced by changes in tropical Pacific Ocean temperatures, through a climate pattern known as The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). ENSO (El Niño-Southern Oscillation) is marked by three phases: ENSO-neutral, El Niño, marked by warmer conditions, or La Niña, characterized by cooler than average waters. In Oct. 2025, the Climate Prediction Center issued a La Niña Advisory, for Dec. 2025-Feb. 2026. La Niña phases are caused by strengthened trade winds, which push warmer waters west towards Asia. The displacement of water in turn causes upwelling to occur, which brings cooler water from deeper in the ocean, leading to cooler sea surface temperatures in the eastern Pacific. The cooler sea surface temperatures impact atmospheric circulations,

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