After President Donald Trump considered, but ultimately did not follow through on, attending Supreme Court oral arguments over his emergency tariffs, the justices, including one of his own conservative appointees, were not convinced about the 45th and 47th commander in chief's assertions about the extent of his executive power for unilateral economic intervention on national security and foreign policy grounds.

At issue is the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA), a statute that — as appellate judges established — "doesn't mention the word tariffs" and has never been used for tariffs in the half-century of the law's existence.

The two cases before SCOTUS were brought by wine and spirits importer and distributor V.O.S. Selections, Inc. and Learning Resources, Inc. In early

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