A United Nations investigation has concluded that Israel has committed genocide in Gaza, marking a significant and controversial finding. The UN Independent International Commission of Inquiry stated that Israel has “flagrantly disregarded” international law and has been orchestrating a genocidal campaign for nearly two years. This report is the first of its kind from a UN body, described by its authors as “the strongest and most authoritative UN finding to date.”

The report, which spans 72 pages, details that since October 2023, Israel has committed four of the five acts defined as genocide under the 1948 Genocide Convention. These acts include killing members of the group, causing serious bodily or mental harm, deliberately inflicting conditions of life calculated to bring about physical destruction, and imposing measures intended to prevent births. The commission's chair, Navi Pillay, emphasised that there is a clear intent to destroy the Palestinian population in Gaza.

Pillay stated, “The responsibility for these atrocity crimes lies with Israeli authorities at the highest echelons.” She urged Israel to cease its actions and comply with international law, warning that UN member states could face legal consequences if they fail to act. The report was released as Israeli forces intensified their military operations in Gaza City, leading to significant civilian casualties and destruction of infrastructure.

In response, the Israeli foreign ministry dismissed the report as “antisemitic” and based on “distorted and false” information, claiming it relied on Hamas propaganda. Israeli officials have consistently maintained that their military actions are a lawful response to Hamas’s attacks, which began on 7 October 2023, resulting in the deaths of 1,200 people and the taking of hostages.

The commission's findings are supported by extensive evidence, including satellite imagery and testimonies from witnesses and medical personnel. The report highlights the dire humanitarian situation in Gaza, where over 64,000 people have reportedly died due to the ongoing conflict, and many areas are experiencing famine.

The UN report has implications for international relations, as it calls on all countries to take action to prevent genocide. It urges states to stop arms sales to Israel if there is a risk they will be used in genocidal acts. The report has also prompted discussions among UK political leaders, with Keir Starmer expected to address the findings during a meeting with US President Donald Trump.

The commission's conclusions echo similar findings from various international organisations, including Amnesty International, which have accused Israel of committing acts that could be classified as genocide. The report has reignited debates over the responsibilities of nations under the Genocide Convention and the need for immediate action to protect civilians in Gaza.