Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS): Early symptoms, root causes, and the science behind motor neuron decline

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), commonly known as Lou Gehrig’s disease, is a rare yet devastating neurological disorder that progressively weakens the body’s voluntary muscles. It occurs when motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord gradually deteriorate and die, disrupting the vital communication between the brain and muscles. Over time, this leads to paralysis and difficulties in speaking, swallowing, and breathing. Although the disease affects only a small percentage of the population, its impact is profound, both physically and emotionally. With global attention turning towards neurodegenerative conditions, scientists are racing to understand the mechanisms behind ALS and find ways to prevent, manage, or ultimately cure it. A review published in Frontiers in Neuroscience hi